Yes this is very interesting for they can be complimentary or antagonist and depending on the genotype of the epistatic and hypostatic chromosome gene complex
Bi-valent nature of things 
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You have a third eye somewhere @Cactus or what ^^ Actually i’m making a double expresso, on the go to share something in this thread :
This is pretty challenging for me, because i consider the selfing process as the guts of the evil to produce genetic material. It’s a very personal and outdated vision of breeding, considering the actual market needs. But, I’ve done my part also in this sin.
@RedOctober was actually driving pretty well the discussion, and is outside the usual opposition fem/reg and debates that are too far from a practical consideration. It’s stimulating. I will try my best to go in the sense of the “only females breeding”, not mine. So it close the loop partially on apomixie problematics.
For the Vic High trend (rip, all the respect for this kind of guy, that was sharing widely/openly/“freespeechly”), i don’t like the way it’s interpreted most of the time. Theory lovers have the tendency to push really hard on homozygosity, at the point to totally mix homozygosity and dominance. It’s actually my point of disagreement.
By extension i underline Subcool (rip, more close to me) and the occurences of the well known Space Queen, catalyzed by backcrossing habits of the guy. I don’t care about the buzz around and the usual habit to smear breeders for nothing. But the (nice) catalog of Sub’ was indirectly counter-argumenting vic high himself with his own genetic. A stellar one, and i say that without playing as a fanboy of both.
Here, we are losing already a ton of people interested to try this game. 
Not a critic, just a reminder of my own will and efforts to make it an open door for everyone. Teenager i’ve met this guy that make everything simpler to put in practice, i try to pay this debt the best i can.
It’s really what my soul is thinking (with a hint of sarcasm, yes), but i can’t throw it like that in all honesty without giving also what my mind have listed aside with exceptions and mistakes.
On a global consideration (specimens facing you), there is only traits on which you’re finding sensitive leverages. So, useless to lure people, a combo of multiple reactions for only one single “stoner/grower” trait. A genotype present generally a stable occurence of these combos, but individually you have to reveal it for each selected/unselected specimen. At least to known what is latent and active, or not.
I’m ok to consider the screws as complimentary or antagonists naturally, and pretty “stable” (not the vic way) on a very large timeline. But I’m not ok to only say that the bolts have an unilateral way to turn, and also that the human nature can’t cheat the genotype with some elegance. There is a margin : breeding and it’s sacrifice.
But hell, it last what … twos or three years when you begin. Less than a year when you have mileage and a genpool to restart, it’s nothing. This is nothing also to pay against the big reward : the golden jail. Spending so much efforts on strains you don’t love as fck is a waste of time, and when you’re improving each round something that you can already smoke all day long … the hell become quickly the exposition to lines that are not yours.
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Well said, I think though that the time was not wasted for I think you were happiest there than anywhere else maybe? I don’t think a person can expect more from life a but chance and the experience.
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Is this while in flower?
Well, I think you need to start root pruning before you change the light cycle.
Then you need to keep doing it during the flower cycle until you see the plant change sex.
I have not done this myself, but I had a friend who did it with success.
I think I posted the science paper round here somewhere.
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WatsonCrick1953.pdf (2.2 MB)
Thought this would be fun! Where it all starts
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OK first question is @Mithridate my brother from another mother how was i not shown this thread. im disapointed im just reading this now. What an absolute wealth of truly priceless information. Ive tried explaining many of these many times and more often than not you can tell its absolutely lost on them. now i can direct people here rather than sending them to books to read. also we have some absolutely stellar breeders/growers here with invaluable knowledge and threads like these seem to bring out the big brains and come to some epic conclusions or just help to discover amazing new concepts. much much respect brother, this can teach people SOOOOO MUCH!
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I’ve tried this multiple times and with multiple methods.
Best method I’ve found have 100% success so far. Haven’t done it in years though. You can prune root ends by adding too much air into a dwc. So you only need to blast the roots with air for 48h wait 48h repeat. Start the week before flip and run until you start to notice that the major herming. This method have hermed every plant I ever tested it on.
I feel like I have to point this out because I think a lot of “know it alls” going to point out that my plants was herm prone yada yada yada… They were not prone to herm, this where plants which where hunted from 50-100 lots for their good smoke and their ability to take pure torture.
Pz 
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That’s a whole mystery by itself 
Yeah we touched different breeding schemes, their advantages/disadvantages and covered a few basics but most importantly it turned into a place where people can ask questions and get an answer that makes sense quickly.
Breeding can be as simple or as complicated as one wants it to be, one thing remains true… it’s time consuming 
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My question is transgressives segregation. I thought about it more and would anyone agree that it has different levels or degrees and can come in multiple ways? Can a person grow a line specifically for the purpose of using transgressive segregation (cross-over) say at an average rate of say 5% and get incredible gems while still maintaining the original line 
. I wonder who would use a technique like that, 
We know that the maximum amount of cross-over is 50% so the more homozygous the line the lower the amount of cross-over in the same line. I wonder
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@shag I found this paper you have thrown out is this the one you are talking about?
pg_0001.pdf (333.3 KB)
pg_0002 1.pdf (310.8 KB)
pg_0003.pdf (475.2 KB)
pg_0004.pdf (34.6 KB)
I think I will giving this a try! Thanks @shag
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I think this was the article I cited.
The one you posted @Cactus is very good too.
This article was behind a pay wall so I posted a link.
The Influence of Growth Regulators Absorbed by the Root on sex expression in hemp.pdf (1.1 MB)
Sex expression in hemp was found to be determined quite early, when the third leaf pair became
visible (Khryanin and Milyaeva, 1977)
What I propose is that we can nudge the sex of a cannabis plant into being male or female with phytohormones.
From the article:
In both the BAP and the IAA treatments, no male plants were formed at all, the plants becoming either female, or intersexes, instead.
Thus, growth regulators applied through the root system cause considerable changes in the sex expression.
So it would seem we can influence the sex of a cannabis plant artificially with phyto-hormones.
I wonder, will this help with female plants that tend to be intersex, could it sway them into becoming a full-on female?
I certainly think it is very probable.
I really think this could become a mainstream practice.
I know I find it very handy.
I do not have a proper side by side experiment, but I do have anecdotal evidence the BAP will influence plants to become female at the seedling stage.
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I think many (all?) traits can come in the extreme variant. Some lines are more inclined to them than others, or at least traits that are helpful to or favored by a breeder show at a higher rate.
Unknowingly people have been using transgressive segregants in their breeding schemes… extreme vigor, extreme trichome density, extreme high or even resistance to a type of fungus.
I saw a paper about the requirements to better the chances of transgressives, I’ll try to find it when I get home.
Now if some breeders breed for this on purpose, I don’t know, I’d guess some are.
I crossed my sour strawberry12 cut to a few lines and will attempt to determine if its extreme traits are passed on, and at what rate…
My skunk line also throws the extreme smell trait at a 5% rate… and experiments showed it is inheritable…
But attempts to better the 5% by inbreeding the skunk was futile, selfing could be the only way…
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Why not, if we have questionable stability in our females we know that enrichment of ethylene would more than likely stabilize the females and keep the inter-sexed traits from expressing themselves. You could breed a hermi type male (ethylene type) to stabilize the females. So I totally agree with that @shag.
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@Mithridate yes I would like to read that; so much good info bouncing around just a matter of putting all these tools to good use,
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https://www.nature.com/articles/6886170#App1
Edit: I think that’s the one you shared with me
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“Unlike heterosis, extreme phenotypes caused by transgressive segregation are heritably stable.”
That’s the important part imo.
I tried to find some kind of formula to predict transgressives. Geneticist go AA =1, Aa= .5 and aa=0 then count the number of favorable alleles and anything with a significantly higher score than the mean of the line is considered transgressive.
Inbred x inbred has the most segregants
Inbred x wild has some
Wild x wild the least
Then Inbred x Inbred of divergent lines f2 f3 f4 is best, then it tapers off
When unsure i ask Nikolai
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I am thinking maybe cytokinin may be the way to go, especially for young plants.
Use the ethylene later in life just to keep the levels high.
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could you point me towards lecture on this subject if you would be so kind
Could be a dumb question, but cannabis lines still using the older monoceous system also trigger by ethylene levels?
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