Naming the aromas is easier after you smell them individually, or, if you really pay attention when you smoke, it’ll start out like “Oh that’s familiar”, and then you have to sit with it for a minute, maybe take another hit and really notice not just flavors, but sensations, etc. Eventually that “familiar” thing has a name, and the trick is in not judging the thing you came up with, but just saying it.
Here’s an example from a recent smoke test:
It’s not about “knowing” an aroma or flavor, it’s about being able to communicate the experience you’re having.
That said, you can also buy monoterpene kits and begin to associate aromas with the name of the compound!
I’m a former sommelier (just level 1) and cicerone, as well as a former chef, so because of all that experience, I’m an ace smeller; it really is just about intentional practice.